• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device (1) for friction measurement on a cylinder-piston arrangement, wherein a reciprocating piston (3) having at least one piston ring (3a) is arranged in a cylinder liner (2), with at least one through one Sealing ring formed first sealing element (12) between the cylinder liner (2) and a cylinder head (9), wherein a piston running surface (2a) of the cylinder liner (2) relative to the cylinder head (9) is sealed and the first sealing element (12) between the piston tread ( 2a) and one in the cylinder liner (2) projecting paragraph (11) of the cylinder head (9) is arranged. In order to increase the accuracy of measurement is provided that the first sealing element (12) in a circumferential annular receiving groove (13) of the paragraph (11) comprising sealing ring carrier (14) is arranged, which is fixed to the cylinder head (9) connectable.
    公开号:AT516996A1
    申请号:T50250/2015
    申请日:2015-03-30
    公开日:2016-10-15
    发明作者:Michael Erich Hammer；Stefan Satschen
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for measuring friction on a cylinder-piston arrangement, wherein a reciprocating piston having at least one piston ring is arranged in a cylinder liner, with at least one first sealing element formed by a sealing ring between the cylinder liner and a cylinder head a piston running surface of the cylinder liner is sealed relative to the cylinder head and the first sealing element between the piston running surface and a projecting into the cylinder liner paragraph of the cylinder head is arranged.
    From the integration of the forces along the piston raceway in the cylinder direction, the friction between the piston group consisting of piston and piston rings and the cylinder running surface can be determined.
    From JP 60-031037 A a measuring device for measuring the friction of a reciprocating in a cylinder liner piston is known. In this case, a retaining ring is arranged between the cylinder head and a liner carrier, wherein between the retaining ring and the upper end of the cylinder liner, an annular gap is formed, which is filled by a metallic sealing plate.
    From JP 59-088638 A a device for measuring the piston friction in an internal combustion engine is known, wherein the cylinder liner is arranged in a cylinder, and wherein between the cylinder and the cylinder liner a plurality of 0-rings are arranged.
    Known devices for measuring friction have the disadvantage that the sealing elements for the cylinder liner, in particular for sealing between the cylinder liner and cylinder head, cause forces in the direction of movement of the piston group on the cylinder liner, which falsify the measurement and subsequently the integration of the piston group friction.
    From WO 2012/062 725 Al a device for friction measurement on a cylinder-piston arrangement is known, wherein a piston having at least one piston ring, reciprocating piston is arranged in a cylinder liner. Between the cylinder liner and the cylinder head, at least one sealing element is formed, wherein an inner circumferential surface of the cylinder liner is sealed relative to the cylinder head and the sealing element between the inner circumferential surface and a projecting into the cylinder liner paragraph of the cylinder head is arranged. The cylinder liner is largely decoupled from the cylinder head. The sealing element is introduced directly into a groove which is formed in the shoulder of the cylinder head. Due to the spatial narrowness, however, the groove depth and thus the ring height of the sealing element are severely limited. This leads to significant edge pressures of the sealing ring in the groove, caused by the gas pressure. The combination of edge pressure and relative movement of the cylinder head and thus the groove against the cylinder liner leads to considerable wear. As a result, there is a decrease in the sealing effect and "blow-out" of the cylinder, which distorts both combustion and force measurement at the device.
    The object of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to increase the measurement accuracy and fatigue strength in a device for measuring friction of the type mentioned.
    The object of the invention is achieved in that the first sealing element is arranged in a circumferential annular receiving groove of a paragraph comprehensive sealing ring carrier, which is fixedly connected to the cylinder head.
    Thanks to the invention, the wear of such measuring devices can be reduced because the sealing ring carrier can be made of a different material than the cylinder head, which allows the use of particularly resistant materials such as stainless or chromium steel, cast iron or Nirisist. In addition, this solution allows the application of coatings to increase the wear resistance, for example, by chromium-nitride coatings. Furthermore, hardening of the particularly contaminated surface, for example by plasma nitriding, is possible in a simple and cost-effective manner.
    Due to the firm connectivity, a high density and at the same time exchangeability of the sealing ring carrier is provided. Thus, the sealing ring carrier can be replaced on the one hand with decreasing functionality, on the other hand, the measuring device can be easily operated with different sealing element variants or different cylinder liner diameters. The first sealing element can be designed as a multiple sealing ring.
    The first sealing element can be designed as a multiple sealing ring. The sealing ring carrier can be connected to the cylinder head by at least one screw connection and / or an adhesive. Other detachable or non-detachable connection variants are possible.
    According to a variant of the invention, the sealing ring carrier has a sleeve portion and a ring portion formed normal to the cylinder axis, wherein the receiving groove is embodied in the sleeve portion. In this case, the sleeve section advantageously surrounds the shoulder of the cylinder head projecting into the cylinder liner and is designed substantially normal to the annular section. The central axis of the sleeve portion extends parallel to the axis of the cylinder liner. The receiving groove for the first sealing element is preferably arranged in an outer circumferential surface of the sleeve portion. The sealing ring carrier thus has along its circumference an L-shaped cross section, wherein the first leg is formed by the sleeve portion and the ring portion forms the second leg. The sleeve portion surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the shoulder is formed substantially normal to the ring portion. Sleeve section and ring section are conveniently designed in one piece. In a variant of the invention, the sleeve and ring sections are divided or designed as separate components. With the one-piece design, a particularly good sealing effect can be achieved; the split version allows the use of an additional undivided sealing ring, which has additional sealing advantages.
    In a further variant of the invention, the annular section is arranged in an annular recess in a cylinder head sealing surface of the cylinder head. The annular recess forms a recess in the cylinder head sealing surface which substantially corresponds to the shape of the ring portion. Advantageously, the sealing ring carrier is screwed with its ring portion by means of fastening screws on the cylinder head. As a result, sealing effect and easy mounting of the sealing ring carrier can be ensured.
    To ensure even better screwing and fixing in the cylinder head, the cylinder head has at least one threaded insert, preferably made of steel, for receiving at least one fastening screw. The threaded insert can be glued or bolted in the cylinder head, with larger pitches can be used. At the same time can be used for the mounting screws thread with a smaller nominal diameter or lower thread pitch, but which can be acted upon by the resilient threaded inserts with higher biasing force. Due to the threaded insert, damage to the threads of the screw connections can be avoided in the case of repeated replacement of the sealing ring carrier, in particular in the case of cylinder heads formed of aluminum, and a stronger contact pressure of the sealing ring carrier can be achieved.
    The receiving groove for the first sealing element is preferably arranged in an outer circumferential surface of the sleeve portion.
    In a preferred embodiment, it is provided that the sleeve portion has an outer circumferential surface running parallel to the axis of the cylinder liner and an inner circumferential surface inclined relative to the axis of the cylinder liner, wherein the distance between the inner circumferential surface and outer circumferential surface increases in the direction away from the annular portion. This makes it possible to provide the sleeve portion in the region of the receiving groove for the first sealing element with a greater material thickness, which allows a greater dimensioning of the groove and sealing element or leads to a higher resistance of the sealing ring carrier. Conveniently, an outer circumferential surface of the shoulder is preferably formed frustoconical corresponding to the inner circumferential surface of the sleeve portion, wherein a cone angle formed by a generatrix of the truncated cone and the cylinder axis of the cylinder opens to the side of the cylinder head. The cone angle can be, for example, between 5 ° and 30 °. In this embodiment, then the sealing ring carrier, preferably the sleeve portion of the sealing ring carrier, a correspondingly the outer circumferential surface of the paragraph reciprocal conically shaped inner circumferential surface of the paragraph, which includes the outer surface of the paragraph. The conical corresponding shape facilitates assembly and allows in a simple way a centering of the sealing ring carrier on the shoulder, wherein the sealing ring carrier rests in the mounted state on the shoulder or can have a minimum distance to this. It is extremely advantageous if an adhesive and / or sealing means is arranged between the sleeve section and the shoulder and / or between the ring section and the cylinder head. As a result, on the one hand, a particularly permanent attachment of the sealing ring carrier to the cylinder head can be achieved and, on the other hand, a good sealing effect can be achieved between the sleeve section and the shoulder or between the annular section and the cylinder head.
    In a further embodiment of the invention can be provided that the sealing ring carrier is sealed by a labyrinth seal against the cylinder head. In this variant of the invention, the ring section has at least one or at least one sealing groove recess on its side facing the cylinder head in the direction of the cylinder liner, and the cylinder head has at least one correspondingly reciprocal sealing groove recess or at least one sealing projection on the side facing the ring section wherein each of the sealing projection engages in the corresponding reciprocally shaped Dichtungsnutausnehmung. Dichtungsnutausnehmungen and sealing projections may be performed in sections, but advantageously they are each running circumferentially. This means that they extend over the entire circumference of the ring section or in the associated area of the cylinder head. The projection and the groove recess increase the sealing effect on the one hand. On the other hand, a collar-like annular projection of the annular portion or the engagement of such a projection in a corresponding Nutausnehmung increase the rigidity of the sealing ring carrier in operation.
    A further increase in the sealing effect can be achieved if between the sealing ring carrier and the cylinder head, at least a second sealing element-for example, a 0-ring-arranged. The second sealing element is advantageously arranged between a preferably conically shaped outer edge surface of the annular portion and an edge region of the recess.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the non-limiting figures.
    Show it
    1 shows a device according to the invention in a first embodiment in a longitudinal section through a cylinder according to the line I - I in Fig. 4,
    2 shows the detail II of Fig. 1,
    3 shows the device in a section along the line III - III in Fig. 4,
    4 shows the cylinder head of FIGS. 1 to 3 in a combustion chamber side view,
    5 is a cylinder head of a device according to the invention in a second embodiment with dismantled sealing ring carrier in a section along the line V-V in Fig. 7,
    6 shows the detail VI of FIG. 5,
    7 shows the cylinder head from FIG. 5 with mounted sealing ring carrier in a combustion chamber side view,
    8 is a sealing ring carrier of FIG. 7 in a partially sectioned side view,
    Fig. 9 shows the detail IX of Fig. 8 and
    10 shows a seal carrier of a device according to the invention in a third embodiment in a longitudinal section.
    Functionally identical parts are provided in the embodiments with the same reference numerals.
    The device 1 shown in the figures for friction measurement of the frictional forces on a cylinder-piston arrangement with a reciprocating in a cylinder liner 2 piston 3 comprises a base unit 4, a base plate 5, a sensor carrier 6 for receiving 3-D Force sensors 7, a liner carrier 8 and a cylinder head 9, wherein the cylinder liner 2 is fixed to the liner carrier 8. The piston 3 has one or more piston rings 3a. Between the cylinder liner 2 and the liner carrier 8, a coolant jacket 10 is formed, which with
    Inlet and outlet lines 10a, 10b is connected. With reference numeral 2a, the axis of the cylinder liner 2 is designated.
    The cylinder head 9 has a projecting into the cylinder liner 2 disc-shaped shoulder 11. The shoulder 11 is sealed off from the piston running surface 2b of the cylinder liner 2 via a first sealing element 12 formed by a sealing ring, which is pressed by the gas forces against the piston running surface 2b of the cylinder liner 2 in a manner similar to a piston ring. The special sealing by means of the annular first sealing element 12 and the heel 11 in the cylinder head 9 prevents the gas forces acting axially on the cylinder liner 2. Thus, these also have no direct influence on the measurement result and it is primarily the frictional forces of the piston 3 and the piston side forces transmitted to the force sensors 7. The cylinder liner 2 is thus largely decoupled from the basic unit 4 and the cylinder head 9 and is connected to this only by the first sealing element 12 and the force sensors 7.
    The first sealing element 12 may be formed as a multiple sealing ring, for example as a double ring, as shown in Fig. 10.
    The first sealing element 12 is arranged according to the invention in a circumferential annular receiving groove 13 of the paragraph 11 comprehensive sealing ring carrier 14, which is fixedly connected to the cylinder head 9, for example by screwing or gluing.
    The substantially annular sealing ring carrier 14 may be made of stainless steel or cast iron. The concentric with the cylinder liner 2 trained or arranged sealing ring carrier 14 has along its circumferential direction has a substantially L-shaped cross-section with a first leg and a second leg, wherein the first leg is formed by a sleeve portion 15 and the second leg by a ring portion 16 , Sleeve portion 15 and ring portion 16 are integrally formed, wherein the flat ring portion 15 substantially normal to the axis 2a of the cylinder liner 2 and the outer circumferential surface 11a of the paragraph 11 surrounding sleeve portion 15 is formed substantially normal to the ring portion 16. The receiving groove 13 for the first sealing element 12 is formed in the sleeve portion 15, especially in an outer circumferential surface 15 a of the sleeve portion 15.
    The cylinder head sealing surface 17 of the cylinder head 9 has an annular recess 18 for receiving the annular portion 16 of the sealing ring carrier 14. The recess 18 in this case has an edge region 18a, which extends substantially parallel to the axis 2a of the cylinder liner 2, and a parallel to the cylinder head sealing surface 17 extending bottom. The ring portion 16 of the sealing ring carrier 14 is attached via at least one screw 19 to the cylinder head 9. For this purpose, according to a first variant (see, for example, Fig. 10), fastening screws 19a are screwed into threads made in the cylinder head 9. As can be seen from FIG. 7, more screw connections 19 can be provided in the region of the valve openings 20 of the gas exchange valves of the cylinder-piston arrangement than in the area of the valve bridges 21 lying between the valve openings 20 in order to absorb the higher load occurring in the region of the valve openings 20.
    In the case of a cylinder head 9 made of aluminum, a threaded insert 19b-for example made of steel-may be incorporated into the cylinder head 9 to accommodate the fastening screws 19a of the screw connection 19 formed, for example, by countersunk screws. The threaded inserts 19b can be glued to the cylinder head 9, screwed or secured in any other way. When screwing high threaded slopes can be provided to ensure a solid anchoring of the threaded inserts 19b. For the thread of the mounting screws 19a then smaller inclinations can be provided. This ensures that the necessary biasing force of the fastening screws 19a can be accommodated by the cylinder head 9 without damage and that a repeated replacement of the sealing ring carrier 14 without adverse consequences. With reference numeral 19c lowered holes for receiving the mounting screws are designated.
    In addition to the screw connection 19, between the annular section 16 and the cylinder head 9 and / or between the sleeve section 15 and the shoulder 11 an adhesive and / or sealing means 22, for example a silicone adhesive, may be applied.
    In the embodiment variants shown in FIGS. 1 to 9, furthermore, the sealing ring carrier 14 is sealed by way of a labyrinth seal 23 with respect to the cylinder head 9, wherein the annular section 16 faces on the cylinder head 9
    Side on a collar-like circumferential annular sealing projection 23a and the cylinder head 9 on the side facing the ring portion 16 has a correspondingly reciprocal thereto shaped circumferential annular Dichtungsnutausnehmung 23b, wherein the sealing projection 23a engages in the corresponding reciprocally shaped Dichtungsnutausnehmung 23b. On the one hand, this results in a better sealing effect - in operation, the sealing projection 23a of the e.g. consisting of steel sealing ring carrier 14 and the Dichtungsnutausnehmung 23b of e.g. Cylinder head 9 consisting of aluminum and thus additionally seal off - on the other hand causes the sealing projection 23a an additional stiffening of the sealing ring carrier 14. In the illustrated embodiment, sealing projections 23a and
    Dichtungsnutausnehmungen 23b each running circumferentially - in variants of the invention, but you can also run only in sections, or can be circumferential groove recesses 23b and partially sealing projections 23a used.
    Alternatively or additionally, at least one second sealing element 24 may be arranged between the sealing ring carrier 14 and the cylinder head 9, as shown in FIG. 10. In this case, the second sealing element 24 formed by a 0-ring is arranged, for example, between a conically shaped or beveled outer edge surface 16a of the annular section 16 and an edge region 18a of the recess 18. The outer edge surface 16a of the ring portion is performed running in a direction away from the piston 3 direction. This means that the diameter of the annular portion 16 near the piston 3 is greater than on its side facing away from the piston 3 side. As a result, a good seal is ensured by the second sealing element 24 and it can be positioned against displacement.
    The outer circumferential surface 11a of the shoulder 11 is frusto-conical in the embodiment variants shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, wherein the cone angle α defined by a generatrix 11b of the truncated cone and the axis 2a or a parallel 2a 'to the axis 2a of the cylinder liner 2 opens to the side of the cylinder head 9 out. The cone angle α is between about 5 ° and 30 °, for example 10 °.
    The sleeve portion 15 of the sealing ring carrier 14 has a corresponding to the outer circumferential surface 11 a of the paragraph 11, a reciprocally tapered inner circumferential surface 15 b, which comprises the outer circumferential surface 11 a of the paragraph 11. The inner circumferential surface 15b is also inclined relative to the axis 2a or a parallel thereto 2a 'by the extent of the cone angle α. The outer circumferential surface 11a of the shoulder 11 and the inner circumferential surface 15b of the sleeve portion 15 thus form a sealing cone seat. In addition, the conical seat facilitates assembly and enables easy centering of the sealing ring carrier 14 on the shoulder 11 of the cylinder head 9.
    In other words, therefore, the sleeve portion 15 has a parallel to the axis 2a of the cylinder liner 2 extending outer surface 15a and an inclined to the axis 2a of the cylinder liner 2 extending inner circumferential surface 15b, wherein the distance between the inner circumferential surface 15b and outer lateral surface 15a in the annular portion 16th away leading direction increases. This results in the tapered shape of the sleeve portion 15. In the illustrated exemplary embodiment, the outer circumferential surface 11a of the paragraph is executed correspondingly.
    The conical shape of the inner circumferential surface 15b of the sleeve portion 15 allows a sufficiently large wall thickness of the sleeve portion 15 in the region of the receiving groove 13. Cylinder head side can be prevented by the truncated cone-shaped paragraph 11, a masking of the valve areas. In principle, however, a cylindrical design is possible, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. In variants not shown either only the paragraph 11 or only the sleeve portion 15 may be made conical.
    This results in a very wear-resistant sealing ring carrier 14, which can be easily replaced if necessary. This makes it possible, inter alia, differently executed seal carrier 14, for example, different groove or piston diameter variants to test in one and the same cylinder head 9.
    By the use of the sealing ring carrier 14 and the measures described a practically wear-resistant operation can be ensured and gas leaks from the cylinder ("blow-out") of the cylinder-piston assembly can be reliably prevented.
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    1. Device (1) for friction measurement on a cylinder-piston arrangement, wherein a piston ring (3) having at least one piston, reciprocating piston (3) in a cylinder liner (2) is arranged, with at least one formed by a sealing ring first sealing element (12) between the cylinder liner (2) and a cylinder head (9), wherein a piston running surface (2a) of the cylinder liner (2) relative to the cylinder head (9) is sealed and the first sealing element (12) between the piston tread (2a) and a in the cylinder liner (2) protruding paragraph (11) of the cylinder head (9) is arranged, characterized in that the first sealing element (12) in a circumferential annular receiving groove (13) of the paragraph (11) comprehensive sealing ring carrier (14) is arranged, which is fixed to the cylinder head (9) connectable.
    [2]
    2. Device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing ring carrier (14) has a sleeve portion (15) and a normal to the axis (2a) of the cylinder liner (2) formed annular portion (16), wherein the receiving groove (13 ) is performed in the sleeve portion (15).
    [3]
    3. Device (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the sleeve portion (15) in the cylinder liner (2) projecting shoulder (11) of the cylinder head (9) surrounds and is formed substantially normal to the ring portion (16).
    [4]
    4. Device (1) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the annular portion (16) in an annular recess (18) in a cylinder head sealing surface (17) of the cylinder head (9) is arranged.
    [5]
    5. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the sealing ring carrier (14) is screwed with its annular portion (16) on the cylinder head (9).
    [6]
    6. Device (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that the cylinder head (9) for receiving at least one fastening screw (19 a) at least one threaded insert (19 b) - preferably made of steel - has.
    [7]
    7. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the receiving groove (13) in an outer circumferential surface (15 a) of the sleeve portion (15) is arranged.
    [8]
    8. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sleeve portion (15) parallel to the axis (2a) of the cylinder liner (2) extending outer lateral surface (15a) and inclined to the axis (2a) of Cylinder liner (2) extending inner lateral surface (15b), wherein the distance between the inner circumferential surface (15b) and outer lateral surface (15a) increases in the annular portion (16) leading away direction.
    [9]
    9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that an outer circumferential surface (11a) of the shoulder (11) - preferably corresponding to the inner circumferential surface (15b) of the sleeve portion (15) -kegelstumpfförmig is formed, wherein a through a generatrix (11b) of the truncated cone and the axis (2a) of the cylinder liner (2) spanned cone angle (a) opens to the side of the cylinder head (9), and wherein preferably the cone angle (a) is between 5 ° and 30 °.
    [10]
    10. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that between the sleeve portion (15) and the shoulder (11) and / or between the ring portion (16) and the cylinder head (9) an adhesive and / or sealing means (22) is arranged.
    [11]
    11. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the annular portion (16) on its side facing the cylinder head (9) at least one circumferential sealing projection (23 a) or at least one circumferential Dichtungsnutausnehmung, and the cylinder head (9 ) on the side facing the ring portion (16) at least one corresponding reciprocal thereto shaped circumferential Dichtungsnutausnehmung (23 b) or at least one circumferential sealing projection, wherein in each case the sealing projection (23 a) in the corresponding reciprocally shaped Dichtungsnutausnehmung (23 b) engages.
    [12]
    12. Device (1) according to claim 11, characterized in that the sealing projection (23a) and / or Dichtungsnutausnehmung (23b) are each performed circumferentially.
    [13]
    13. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that between the sealing ring carrier (14) and the cylinder head (9) at least a second sealing element (24) is arranged.
    [14]
    14. Device (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the second sealing element (24) between a preferably conically shaped outer edge surface (16a) of the annular portion (16) and an edge region (18a) of the recess (18) is arranged.
    [15]
    15. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the first sealing element (12) is designed as a multiple sealing ring.
    [16]
    16. Device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the sealing ring carrier (14) consists of stainless steel or cast iron.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2016154651A1|2016-10-06|
    AT516996B1|2017-11-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS6024414B2|1979-08-01|1985-06-12|Hino Motors Ltd|
    JPH0259941B2|1983-07-30|1990-12-13|Hino Jidosha Kogyo Kk|
    JPS61112250U|1984-12-26|1986-07-16|
    JPH11108801A|1997-10-08|1999-04-23|Nippon Soken Inc|Measuring apparatus for frictional force of internal-combustion engine|
    JP2010243390A|2009-04-08|2010-10-28|Honda Motor Co Ltd|Engine-friction force measuring instrument|
    CN103293005A|2013-05-31|2013-09-11|中国兵器工业集团第七0研究所|Floating cylinder liner mechanism for friction test of cylinder liner and piston in ignition state|
    AT514582B1|2013-10-04|2015-02-15|Avl List Gmbh|Device for friction measurement on a cylinder-piston arrangement|
    AT514794B1|2013-11-07|2015-06-15|Avl List Gmbh|Device for friction measurement on a cylinder-piston arrangement|CN109632287B|2018-12-13|2020-07-21|西安航天动力研究所|Radial sealing ring friction-sealing performance detection device|
    CN112610356A|2020-12-11|2021-04-06|中国北方发动机研究所|Floating cylinder sleeve sealing structure|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50250/2015A|AT516996B1|2015-03-30|2015-03-30|DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE FRICTION OF A CYLINDER PISTON ARRANGEMENT|ATA50250/2015A| AT516996B1|2015-03-30|2015-03-30|DEVICE FOR MEASURING THE FRICTION OF A CYLINDER PISTON ARRANGEMENT|
    PCT/AT2016/050081| WO2016154651A1|2015-03-30|2016-03-30|Device for friction measurement on a cylinder-piston assembly|
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